![]() ![]() ![]() (5) Transparent and highly refractive, hence it is used as a jewel and sparkling substance. (4) It is a non-conductor of electricity because there are no free valence electrons in the crystal lattice. (3) It is a very resistant to chemical action and temperature because all four valence electrons are saturated bonded. (2) It has a high density because of its compactness of crystal. Diamond is the hardest substance known in the world. (1) Diamond is extremely hard and strong with high melting point because of strong covalent bond. It is actually a giant molecule in which the carbon atoms are closely packed and held together by strong covalent bonds.īasic Tetrahedral Shape in Diamond Crystals The diamond crystal is octahedral in shape. Non-crystalline Allotropes/Amorphous carbon e.g coal, charcoal, coke, lampblack and carbon black (soot)ĭiamond: Diamond is the purest form of carbon. Crystalline Allotropes e.g Diamond and graphite They have the same chemical properties but different physical properties.Ĭarbon exists in several allotropic forms: The different forms of the elements are known as allotropes. It is an essential constituent of all forms of plant and animal life.Īllotropy is the phenomenon whereby an element exists in two or more different forms in the same physical state.It occur in the atmosphere (air) as CO2.It occurs in minerals such as limestone (CaCO3) and dolomite (MgCO3).It occurs in the combined state as petroleum, wood and natural gases.It occurs naturally as diamond and graphite.
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